31 or 32. Some would identify the place with RAMOTH-GILEAD, which see.The site is now occupied by a colony of Circassians, and there is reason to fear that, unless something is done to preserve them, many valuable remains of antiquity will perish.W. Based on the archaeological evidence, the history of the site may be summarized as follows: The monastery compound with the large church, as well as the tower and the chapel of the miracle, were built in the late fifth or early sixth century. About 2 miles farther West are the hot springs of eT-Tabgha. Farther North, Wady el-`Amud brings down much water in the rainy season. [5] From Capernaum, they go off by boat with Jesus to a quiet place (Mk 6:32) near Bethsaida (Lk 9:10). The narrow ridge on which the ruins lie runs out toward the Jordan from the uplands of Gilead, with the deep gorge of Wady Yarmuk-Hieromax-on the North, and Wady el `Arab on the South. Colorful mosaics, covering about 8,600 square feet, originally paved the entire church. (iii) Mark says that the boat started to go unto the other side to Bethsaida, while John, gives the direction "over the sea unto Capernaum" (Mark 6:17). The greatest breadth is in the North, from el-Mejdel to the mouth of Wady Semak being rather over 7 miles. Settlers in the valley thereafter confined themselves to the area immediately on the shore. The soil is deep, rich loam, of amazing fertility. Tyre: 33.2721571: 35.203278: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 55.56 km: Storms:The position of the lake makes it liable to sudden storms, the cool air from the uplands rushing down the gorges with great violence and tossing the waters in tumultuous billows. Gerasa, Gadara, Gergesa from where did the pigs stampede? The ruins include those of two theaters, a basilica, a temple, and many important buildings, telling of a once great and splendid city. In one area we uncovered two large buildings with a street running between them. It was besieged by Baldwin II, in 1121 A.D. Thus Gamala, on the eastern shore, was within the jurisdiction of Josephus, who commanded in Galilee (BJ, II, xx, 4). Lucius Annius, at the instance of Vespasian, sacked and burned the city, with much slaughter (BJ, IV, ix, 1). Its geography is very steep, it is close to the shore of the lake, and it is kinda across the lake from Capernaum. Commentary on the Gospel according to John Books 1-10, Ed. Some of these it is impossible to identify. Then Josephus explicitly says that Bethsaida was in Lower Gaulonitis (BJ, II, ix, 1). This is doubtless to be identified with the village of Bethsaida in Lower Gaulonitis which the Tetrarch Philip raised to the rank of a city, and called Julias, in honor of Julia, the daughter of Augustus. But as we have seen above, the "want of precision" must also be attributed to the writer of John 6:17. BDAG: be far away from someone or something, Louw & Nida: a position at a relatively great distance from another positionfar, at a distance, some distance away, far away.. Mention is made of the strength of the site and the mighty masonry of its walls. The air cleared, and the wide welter of foam-crested waves attested the fury of the blast. When he sees Jesus, the demoniac begs Jesus not to torment him. , Also, Id like to think Ive demonstrated elsewhere on this site that Im more than comfortable with the notion that the biblical text contains genuine errors, contradictions, etc. The multitude following on foot along the northern shore of the lake would cross the Jordan by the ford at its mouth which is used by foot travelers to this day. proof that its territory reached the sea. Rows of columns separate the central nave from the aisles on either side. History:The great and splendid city in the Decapolis is first mentioned as taken after a siege by Alexander Janneus, 85 B.C. On the shore, fully 2 miles from the Jordan, are the ruins of Tell Chum. :Many scholars maintain that all the New Testament references to Bethsaida apply to one place, namely, Bethsaida Julias. The Moslem conquest followed shortly thereafter in the seventh century. The demons inside the man beg to be allowed to enter a nearby herd of swine, numbering about 2,000 according to Mark. If the boat was taken from any point in el-BaTeichah towards et-Tell, no east wind would have distressed the rowers, protected as that part is by the mountains. The total distance between Galilee and Capernaum is 5131 KM (kilometers) and 307.05 meters. If freedom and security be enjoyed in reasonable measure, the region will again display its long-hidden treasures of fertility and beauty.W. Why would he do that? (Ant., XVII, xi, 4; BJ, II, vi, 3). You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Two paved streets with double colonnades cut through the city at right angles, four massive pedestals still marking the point of intersection. The most likely answer is to the country of the Gerasenes: i.e., Gerasa, a Greek town thought to be the same as the similarly-named Kersa on the east shore of Lake Tiberias. Performance & security by Cloudflare. Superior buildings are rising outside the ancient walls. If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Cana to Capernaum, It takes 0.03 hours to arrive. A friend recently asked about the geographical problem of Mark 5 so I thought Id write up some thoughts on the topic. The presence of a copious spring of sweet water makes it probable that the site has been occupied from olden time; but no trace remains of any ancient city. The northern one, called the prothesis, housed the offerings of the faithful; the southern one, called the diaconicon, provided storage space for the sacred vessels and the vestments of the clergy. On the shore, fully 2 miles from the Jordan, are the ruins of Tell Chum. Judas of Gamala (Ant., XVIII, i, l) is also called Judas of Galilee (ibid., i, 6). Pompey is said to have restored it, 63 B.C. Distances. Many ancient tombs are to be seen in the face of the hills. Contradictions, Galilee is one of the USA city. The Gerasa of Mark 5:1 was probably Kursi/Gergesa. Save in very settled conditions they will not venture far from the shore. Map 4 - The Travels and Acts of Jesus in Year Three of His Ministry c AD29-30 : THIRD PREACHING TOUR OF GALILEE [1] Jesus travels from Capernaum to "his own native town" of Nazareth ( Mk 6:1) [2] In Nazareth, he is rejected for a second time (Mt 13:54; Mk 6:1) [3] He continues through Galilee (Mt 13:58; Mk 6:6) and sends out the twelve apostles to preach the Gospel (Mt 10:5; Mk 6:7; Lk 9:1) The "green grass" of Mark 6:39, and the "much grass" of John 6:10, point to some place in the plain of el-BaTeichah, on the rich soil of which the grass is green and plentiful compared with the scanty herbage on the higher slopes. The Moslems who took over were not sensitive to the religious importance of the site. He calls the inhabitants Syrians, when, at the beginning of the Jewish revolt, the district round Gerasa was laid waste. One of the great Roman roads ran eastward to Der`ah; and an aqueduct has been traced to the pool of el Khab, about 20 miles to the North of Der`ah. The ancient walls may be traced in almost their entire circuit of 2 miles. The distance is about 19 miles from the river. v.71). The fishing industry was evidently pursued to profit in the days of Christ. Around 150 years later Origen comes along, and, knowing that Matthews attempted fix isnt watertight, relocates the event to Gergasa based on what is probably an ancient tradition. Some of the auxiliary rooms of the church and its chapels were closed off completely; others were converted to domestic or industrial use. He says the "soil is so fruitful that all sorts of trees can grow upon it."3. JOHN. Luke 10:13 "Woe to you, Chorazin! Facebook. Distance between Ramat Gan and Capernaum (114,37 km.) Although the ruins of this settlement, known as Tell el-Kursi, can still be seen, the site remains unexcavated. In front of the prayer hall, a narthex, or porch, separates the hall from the large open forecourt, or atrium, mentioned earlier. Well, it seems Eusebius didnt arrive at his Gergesa idea alone; it appears he may have just been following Origens (185-253 CE) commentary on John where we read: Origen, John. Near by is the site at `Ain et-Tabigha, which many have identified with Bethsaida of Galilee. The place is not mentioned till later times. (2) Bethsaida of Galilee, where dwelt Philip, Andrew, Peter (John 1:44; John 12:21), and perhaps also James and John. It was conquered by the Moslems in the time of Omar (Guy le Strange, Palestine under the Moslems, 462). After Jesus heals him/them, the demons are sent into a herd of pigs. There is a cliff lying beside this lake from which they point out the swine were cast down by the demons.15. it is a happy contention of the seasons, as if each of them claimed this country; for it not only nourishes different sorts of autumnal fruit beyond men's expectation, but preserves them a great while." A herd of swine running headlong down the mountain would here inevitably perish in the lake (Matthew 8:32, etc.). South of el-Mejdel the mountains advance to the shore, and the path is cut in the face of the slope, bringing us to the hot spring, `Ain el-Fuliyeh, where is a little valley, with gardens and orange grove. If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Tiberias to Capernaum, It takes 0.01 hours to arrive. It should be noted, however, that the name is in origin radically different from Bethsaida. At this time the residential area was clustered around the church, and most of the former residential quarters were left unrepaired and unsettled. Ewing. So, Im kinda dependent on lexicons to tell me whats what. Sohow did this problem arise? In about ten minutes the wind fell as suddenly as it had risen. The surface is 680 ft. below the level of the Mediterranean. (NOTE.-The Textus Receptus of the New Testament reading. It curves round from el-Mejdel in the South, to `Ain et-Tineh, or Khan Minyeh, in the North, a distance of over 3 miles, with an average breadth from the sea to the foot of the mountains of about a mile. The fig and the vine are still cultivated with success. DECAPOLIS. Country of the Gadarenes: This city is not named in Scripture, but the territory belonging to it is spoken of as chora ton Gadarenon, "country of the Gadarenes" (Matthew 8:28).In the parallel passages (Mark 5:1 Luke 8:26, 37) we read: chora ton Gerasenon "country of the Gerasenes."There is no good reason, however, to question the accuracy of the text in either case. Like, not even the alphabet. Cana: 32.744999: 35.339758: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 26.51 km: They were both Gentile cities filled with citizens who were culturally more Greek than Semitic; this would account for the pigs in the biblical account. In their season the wild flowers lavish a wealth of lovely colors upon the surrounding slopes; while bright-blossoming oleanders fringe the shore.Coming westward from the point where the Jordan enters the lake, the mountains approach within a short distance of the sea. Brill, 19942000), 204. A third city, Hippos, was similar in character to Gadara and Gerasa, and it may fit the biblical account even better. (ii) The Bethsaida of medieval writers was evidently on the West of the Jordan. Ewing. , The manuscripts are confused as to the place name, but this is no reason to accuse Mark himself of lack of knowledge of Palestinian geography. R. Alan Cole, Mark: An Introduction and Commentary, vol. To one descending from Mt. All three of these New Testament variants have solid textual support. However, Im not alone in thinking that this isnt the best explanation.1819 What I find a more credible suggestion is that given by Marcus in his commentary on Mark: Although Gerasa is difficult geographically, it is appropriate symbolically, since the Hebrew root gr means to banish and is a common term for exorcism.20. Among the variants are the Land of Gadarenes, the Land of Gergesenes, the Land of Gerasenes and the Land of Gergustenes. Distance between Tel Aviv and Capernaum (117,32 km.) With the conquest of the Moslems it passed under eclipse, and is now an utter ruin.3. iv.12; St. Mark i.14; St. Luke iv.14, 15; St. John iv.43-54.) It was conquered by the Moslems in the time of Omar (Guy le Strange, Palestine under the Moslems, 462). MARK. Further, if the Gospel of Mark embodies the recollections of Peter, it would be difficult to find a more reliable authority for topographical details connected with the sea on which his fisher life was spent. Zebedee was able to hire men to assist him (Mark 1:20). It is probably represented by the modern Jedur, not far from es-Salt (Buhl, Buhl, Geographic des alten Palastina, 255; Guthe). The distance is about 19 miles from the river. MATTHEW. There the Jordan, issuing from the sea, almost surrounds the mound on which are the ruins of Kerak, the Tarichea of Josephus Crossing the floor of the valley, past Semakh, which is now a station on the Haifa-Damascus railway, we find a similar strip of plain along the eastern shore. In contrast to the western shore, the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee has usually lain outside the area of the Christian pilgrims principal interest. , Amanda Witmer, Jesus, the Galilean Exorcist: His Exorcisms in Social and Political Context, ed. It varies in depth from 130 ft. to 148 ft., being deepest along the course of the Jordan (Barrois, PEFS, 1894, 211-20). The settlement was quite well planned and carefully organized. Ed.) , Freeman-Grenville, Chapman, and Taylor, The Onomasticon by Eusebius of Caesarea (Carta Jerusalem, 2003), 45. "The advent of the railway has stirred afresh the pulses of life in the valley. gad'-a-ra (Gadara): 1. Naturally the temperature in the valley is higher than that of the uplands; and here wheat and barley are harvested about a month earlier. ), and "the lake" (Luke 5:1, etc.). It lay near the place where the Jordan enters the Sea of Gennesaret (Ant., XVIII, ii, 1; BJ, II, ix, 1; III, x, 7; Vita, 72). Gergasa, it has been suggested12, is a transliteration of Kursi, located half way up the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. He could have followed Mark, but he chose to do something else.9 It seems reasonable to this layman to suggest that maybe Matthew relocated the herd because he knew enough of the geography to say that if this event took place in the country of the Gadarenes the herd couldnt be both on a hillside and close to the shore Gadara was around 5 or 6 miles away from the shore, and the hills that lead from Gadara to the lake are very close to Gadara and a number of miles from the lake. The remains of the monastery can be visited in the Kursi National Park. David Noel Freedman, The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary (New York: Doubleday, 1992), 991. This two-terraced structure, consisting of a memorial, or landmark, tower and a chapel above, undoubtedly was thought to mark the very site of the miracle that cured the demoniac. (London; New York: United Bible Societies, 1994), 18, 72, 121. Ancient scribes probably heard or saw one name in the process of copying a manuscript and thought they heard another. John R. McRay, Archaeology and the New Testament, Dictionary of New Testament Background: A Compendium of Contemporary Biblical Scholarship (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000), 97. 51.91.102.219 LUKE. Slowly, perhaps, but surely, the old order is giving place to the new. De Situ Terrae Sanctae, a 6th-century account written by Theodosius the archdeacon describes Bethsaida's location in relation to Capernaum, saying that it was 6 mi (9.7 km) distant from Capernaum. At the end of the nave is a semicircular apse. The production of oil served as a popular source of income for monastic communities and settlements at Christian holy places. The narratives of Mark and Luke tell us that the heard of pigs was located on the hillside and that the herd rushed down the steep bank into the sea (Mk 5:13 Lukes record is pretty much identical). To the Galilee flocked not only pilgrims, but also monks and scholars, searching for the places that Jesus had known. The site became apparently known since at least the Early Muslim period as Kursya,[2] the Aramaic word for "chair", and later as Kursi, a word with the same meaning in Arabic,[3] The monks built a walled monastic complex there and made it a destination for Christian pilgrims. The two towns were therefore practically in the same line. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. In 1970, while clearing land for a new road to the Golan Heights, a bulldozer operated by the Ministry of Public Works turned up large quantities of Byzantine pottery and then began to unearth the ruins of ancient structures. Here a shallow vale breaks northward, bounded on the West by Tell `Areimeh. And that doesnt fit the description were given of the stampede at all. [10] a site named Khersa (or Kursi) among the cliffs overlooking the lakethe traditional site, but with little to argue in its favor. A few years later, Matthew, using Mark as a source for his own gospel, either misses Marks theological point or wants to achieve something else with his text and attempts to correct the events location. On the rocky promontory, however, East of Khan Minyeh we find Sheikh `Aly ec-Caiyadin, "Sheikh Aly of the Fishermen," as the name of a ruined weley, in which the second element in the name Bethsaida is represented. Helmut Koester, Hermeneiaa Critical and Historical Commentary on the Bible (Minneapolis, MN: Augsburg, 2001), 23. John 12:21 These, therefore, came to Philip, who was from Bethsaida of Galilee, and asked him, saying, "Sir, we want to see Jesus. The southern city, therefore, should be understood as "the capital of Peraea" in BJ, IV; vii, 3.Gadara was a member of the DECAPOLIS (which see).W. This describes the district in which Christ met and healed the demoniac from the tombs, where also took place the destruction of the swine. (Ant., XIV, iv, 4; BJ, I, vii, 7); from which it would appear to have declined in Jewish hands. The distance line on map shows distance from Tiberias to Capernaum between two cities. As a result of excavations by the Israel Department of Antiquities and Museums, however, it is becoming quite clear that the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee also played an important role in early Christian pilgrimages. The ruts worn in the pavement by the chariot wheels are still to be seen.That there was a second Gadara seems certain, and it may be intended in some of the passages referred to above. Gergesa was a small and very obscure town nearly opposite Capernaum. The distance line on map shows distance from Nazareth to Capernaum between two cities. Thats quite possible and I certainly dont dismiss that as an explanation for the geographical problem that prompted this post. If the waters are still, the shining splendors of the mountain may be seen mirrored in the blue depths. Capernaum is a Peru city located at the longitude of -77.488175 and latitude of -4.446235 . It is mentioned in some ancient manuscripts of the Gospel of Matthew as the place where the Miracle of the Swine took place, a miracle performed by Jesus who drove demons out of two possessed men and into a herd of pigs. From this date the era of the city was reckoned. Nearby, halfway up the steep slope was a separate towerlike structure. These demon-possessed pigs then run headlong into the lake and, presumably, drown. Kursi disappeared entirely until a bulldozer rediscovered it more than a thousand years later. fine for parking in handicap spot in ohio. Until recently, the absence of any significant archaeological discoveries on the eastern shore seemed to confirm ancient literatures paucity of references to sites there. Kefar-nahum, "Village of Nahum") was a prosperous . As this is too far from the sea for a fishing village, Schumacher (The Jaulan, 246) suggests that el-`Araj, "a large, completely destroyed site close to the lake," connected in ancient times with et-Tell "by the beautiful roads still visible," may have been the fishing village, and et-Tell the princely residence. Josephus explains that the country of the Gadarenes reached the shore of the lake: the villages of the Gadarenes happened to lie on the frontier between Tiberias and the territory of the Scythopolitans.4. Northward the plain widens into the marshy breadths of el-BaTeichah, and once more we reach the Jordan, flowing smoothly through the fiat lands to the sea.3. Gergesenes means "those who come from pilgrimage or fight.". From this point the plain of Gennesaret (el-Ghuweir) sweeps round to el-Mejdel, a distance of about 4 miles. Heres where Matthew locates the pigs: Mt 8:30 Now a large herd of swine was feeding at some distance from them. Average amount of gas with an average car when travelling from Capernaum, Israel to Jerusalem, Israel will be 7 gallons gallons . Such storms are fairly frequent, and as they are attended with danger to small craft, the boatmen are constantly on the alert. (he thalassa tes Galilaias):1. Login & Purchase. The ridge sinks gradually to the East, and falls steeply on the other three sides, so that the position was one of great strength. "(iv) There could hardly have been two Bethsaidas so close together.But:(i) It is not said that Jesus came hither that he might leave the territory of Antipas for that of Philip; and in view of Mark 6:30, and Luke 9:10, the inference from Matthew 14:13 that he did so, is not warranted. It was taken by Antiochus the Great when in 218 B.C. Did he just take a stab at a location that seemed possible based on what hed heard somewhere? It was located on the shore of the Sea of Galilee, whereas Gerasa and Gadara were several kilometers south-east of it. The name is derived from either a lakeside village, Gergesa, the next larger city, Gadara, or the best-known city in the region, Gerasa. Synoptic-Gospels. As in the case of the other Bethsaida, no name has been recovered to guide us to the site. On the basis of the textual evidence alone, we cannot determine which of these variants is . But Gergesa, from which comes the name the Gergesenes, is an ancient city in the vicinity of the lake which is now called Tiberias. However, check out this map: Gadara itself or anywhere relatively close to it is still quite a distance a number of miles/kilometres. In the northern part of the enclosure, we excavated the remains of the residential quarters of the monastery compound. Considerable portions have also passed into the hands of Jews. Demonology, During the second half of the sixth century, the diaconicon was remodeled to house a baptistery. At eT-Tabgha in the North, at `Ain el Fuliyeh, South of el-Mejdel, and on the shore, about 2 miles South of modern Tiberias, there are strong hot springs. ifsi virtual learning. It is almost 20 miles from Amman (Philadelphia), and 22 from Fahil (Pella). A few palms are still to be seen. The place might therefore be called with propriety, either "land of the Gerasenes," with reference to the local center, or "land of the Gadarenes," with reference to the superior city. The Gadarenes captured some of the boldest of the Jews, of whom several were put to death, and others imprisoned (ibid., 5). They include several splendid temples, theaters, basilica, palaces and baths, with hippodrome and naumachia. open map. In a few moments the air was thick with mist, through which one could hear the roar of the tortured waters. Gadara was the capital of Matthews country of the Gadarenes. Gerasa, one of the cities of Decapolis and the capital of the country of the Gerasenes, lay around 37 miles/60 kilometres away from the Sea of Galilee in what is today the city of Jerash in Jordan.3The country of the Gerasenes did not reach the Sea of Galilee (an important point that we'll get to in a bit). Others were converted to domestic or industrial use variants have solid textual support days Christ... Amount of gas with an average car when travelling from Capernaum, Israel will be gallons. Be enjoyed in reasonable measure, the old order is giving place to the New Testament reading not... Moslems who took over were not sensitive to the writer of John 6:17 religious of. Are fairly frequent, and 22 from Fahil ( Pella ) the has! Have also passed into the lake ( Matthew 8:32, etc. ) '' ( Luke 5:1 etc... With hippodrome and naumachia 5131 km ( kilometers ) and 307.05 meters district... By the Moslems, 462 ) opposite Capernaum United Bible Societies, 1994 ), 23 swine cast... 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Almost 20 miles from Amman ( Philadelphia ), and Taylor, the and... And Gerasa, Gadara, Gergesa from where did the pigs stampede waters still! All three of these New Testament variants have solid textual support entirely until a bulldozer rediscovered it more a. Testament references to Bethsaida apply to one place, namely, Bethsaida Julias are... Which many have identified with Bethsaida of medieval writers was evidently on the West Tell. The hot springs of eT-Tabgha kefar-nahum, & quot ; ) was prosperous. Located on the Bible ( Minneapolis, MN: Augsburg, 2001,! The religious importance of the Gadarenes or industrial use it should be noted, however, that the is... Importance of the railway has stirred afresh the pulses of life in the blue depths, in A.D!, are the hot springs of eT-Tabgha farther North, from el-Mejdel the. And unsettled 4 ; BJ, II, ix, 1 ) 8,600 feet. This date the era of the hills thought they heard another the can... Freedman, the Land of Gadarenes, the shining splendors of the page across from the shore of the.... Pedestals still marking the point of intersection, originally paved the entire church,! '' ( Luke 5:1, etc. ) thereafter in the seventh century, which have! The Moslem conquest followed shortly thereafter in the same line helmut Koester, Hermeneiaa and... Let them know you were blocked obscure town nearly opposite Capernaum demons inside the man beg to be allowed enter!, II, in 1121 A.D not venture far from the Jordan, are the of! El-Kursi, can still be seen, the old order is giving to... Small and very obscure town nearly opposite Capernaum assist him ( Mark 1:20 ) enter a nearby herd distance from capernaum to gerasenes... Cut through the city was reckoned near by is the site Guy le Strange, Palestine under the Moslems 462...

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